Exam 2 Study Guide

ENG 204, Fall 2005

Morphology

Word formation processes: define and give an example

• acronyms, blending, clipping, compounding, coinage, affixation, functional shift (conversion), semantic shift, alternation, suppletion
• borrowing
• etymology

Semantic Change: extension and reduction; elevation and degradation

Morphemes: define and give an example

• free and bound morphemes
• inflectional and derivational affixes

Problems

• be able to solve a problem segmenting morphemes in a list of English words

Morphological types:

• analytic and synthetic languages
• syntactic types: SOV, etc.; word order vs. inflection

Syntax

Lexical categories: N, V, P, Adj, Adv, Conj, Det, AUX

• how to identify

Verbs: person and number, principal parts and inflectional endings

Nouns: functions in a sentence

Phrase Structure Rules and tree diagrams

• Be able to diagram a simple sentence using PS rules given to you

Transformational/ Generative Grammar

• explain the name and purpose
• Noam Chomsky: who was he and what was his interest?

Transformations:

• Yes/no questions, WH questions, Passivization, Negation
• deep structure and surface structure

Weaver: Appropriate uses of grammar for native speakers

Format:

The test will contain definitions, short answer questions, paragraph-length questions, and problems to solve.